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Chronic wound infections are predominantly driven by 
polymicrobial biofilms, yet most antimicrobial screening 
platforms rely on simplistic mono-species models. 
This persistent mismatch has created a significant 
translational gap, where compounds that perform well 
in vitro fail to deliver in clinical settings. Addressing 
this unmet need required a step change: a clinically 
relevant, reproducible, and industry-compatible biofilm 
model capable of truly reflecting wound ecology and 
generating meaningful efficacy data.
An NBIC-funded Proof of Concept project between 
researchers at Glasgow Caledonian University and 
BluTest Laboratories set out to tackle this challenge. 
Together, they developed a standardised hydrogel-
based, multispecies wound biofilm model incorporating 
clinically relevant microbial consortia embedded within 
a cellulose matrix. What sets this platform apart is 
its integration with 3D epithelial co-culture models, 
allowing simultaneous measurement of antimicrobial 
efficacy, biofilm structure and viability, and host 
inflammatory responses. Designed from the outset 
for real-world application, the system operates as a 
high-throughput, SOP-driven assay suitable for contract 
research organisation (CRO) workflows.
Translating a complex academic model into a 
reproducible, scalable format proved difficult, 
compounded by a lack of standardised protocols 
suitable for CRO environments and limited validation 
in industry-relevant settings. Balancing biological 
complexity with the demands of throughput and 
consistency presented an ongoing challenge. 
NBIC’s support enabled formal technology transfer 
from academia to BluTest Laboratories, bridging the 
gap between innovation and application. Through NBIC, 
the team developed validated SOPs, QA-compatible 
workflows, and aligned biological outputs with robust, 
quantitative metrics. Crucially, NBIC supported the 
integration of this complex biological system into a 
commercial CRO environment, ensuring it could be 
deployed reliably at scale.
A New Dimension in Biofilm Testing
The impact has been significant. The platform is now 
embedded within BluTest Laboratories’ commercial 
antimicrobial screening services, providing a novel and 
differentiated offering for wound care and anti-infective 
developers. It delivers clinically relevant, multispecies 
biofilm testing alongside combined microbial and 
host-response outputs, improving the prediction of 
therapeutic efficacy and increasing confidence in pre-
clinical pipelines.
Beyond commercial integration, the work has 
strengthened academic–industry partnerships, 
underpinned over £1.3 million in collaborative funding, 
and supported new projects spanning antimicrobial 
hydrogels, phage therapy, and fungal infection 
treatments. It has also contributed to workforce 
development, creating specialist roles and enabling 
clear progression pathways from academia to industry. 
Looking ahead, the platform is being applied across 
a broader range of translational and industry-led 
research projects, supporting continued collaboration 
and funding activity. The technology has progressed 
from a Proof of Concept model to a validated and 
scalable system that can be reliably deployed within 
commercial workflows. It now provides a practical 
route for generating more clinically relevant data to 
inform the development of therapies targeting chronic 
wound infections.
SEM multi-species 
interkingdom biofilm.
Professor Ramage is a leading 
expert in clinical biofilms and 
translational microbiology 
at Glasgow Caledonian 
University. His research focuses 
on polymicrobial biofilms, 
antimicrobial resistance, 
and infection prevention. 
Dr Rivett is General Manager 
of BluTest Laboratories 
with technical expertise in 
standardised biofilm testing 
and method development. She 
completed her doctoral research 
at University of Glasgow, and 
has experience spanning both 
academia and industry, 
Professor Gordon 
Ramage
Dr Tracy Rivett
CASE STUDY 

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