b'BIOFILM DETECTIONUnmet needs: Rapid, in situ, point-of-use context for a range of new and emerging technologies.Biomarkers that are definitive for biofilms (e.g., blood, industrial fluids, other secondary media).To detect/characterise when a biofilm transitions from a healthy to an unhealthy or pathogenic state.To detect and confirm the presence of a biofilm in a standardised reproducible manner acceptable to regulatory agencies.BIOFILM MANAGEMENTUnmet needs:Challenges to overcome:Improved models and methods for the characterisation,Fundamental research on understanding biofilm visualisation and detection of biofilms; relevant (realbehaviour and control to give us new leads and insights world context), standardised and accessible. is required.Improved cross-disciplinary collaboration (industry,Data centralisation and management.academia, regulators and cross-sectors).Clarification of pathways from industry regulators. NBIC has a leading role to play here.BIOFILM ENGINEERING Unmet needs:Challenges to overcome:The need to engineer biofilms for benefit(s) in a humanDeveloping improved model systems.or an animal. The development and standardisation of Creation of a bespoke biofilm community for aexperimental and monitoring methods including defined process, outcome or benefit. real-time, high throughput, large scale and multi-Improved approaches for investigating, enhancing,variable.monitoring or studying biofilms in the engineeringImproved methods for the manipulation of an setting. existing biofilm are critical to achieve relevant end products or results.32'